Search results for " base excision repair"

showing 2 items of 2 documents

Redox regulation of genome stability by effects on gene expression, epigenetic pathways and DNA damage/repair

2015

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (e.g. H2O2, nitric oxide) confer redox regulation of essential cellular signaling pathways such as cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and apoptosis. In addition, classical regulation of gene expression or activity, including gene transcription to RNA followed by translation to the protein level, by transcription factors (e.g. NF-κB, HIF-1α) and mRNA binding proteins (e.g. GAPDH, HuR) is subject to redox regulation. This review will give an update of recent discoveries in this field, and specifically highlight the impact of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species on DNA repair systems that contribute to genomic stability. Emphasis will be placed …

Genome instabilityRedox signalingRNA UntranslatedEpigenetic regulation of neurogenesisDNA RepairHuR mRNA-binding protein in the 3′-untranslated regionClinical BiochemistryHDAC histone deacetylaseReview ArticleAP-1 activator protein 1BiochemistryApe-1 apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1GPx-1 glutathione peroxidase-1Epigenesis GeneticHistonesTrx thioredoxinPHD prolylhydroxylaseBER base excision repairlcsh:QH301-705.5HO-1 heme oxygenase-1EpigenomicsGeneticsRegulation of gene expressionNox member of the NADPH oxidase familylcsh:R5-920JmjC Jumonji C domain-containing histone demethylasesHIF-1α hypoxia inducible factor-1α5-hmC 5-hydroxymethylcytosineddc:Cell biologyMMP matrix metalloproteinaseGrx glutaredoxinGAPDH glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenaseNrf2 nuclear factor erythroid related factor 2DNA methylationEpigeneticslcsh:Medicine (General)Oxidation-ReductionSignal Transduction5-mC 5-methylcytosineDNA repairDNA damageNF-κB nuclear factor-κBBiologyGenomic InstabilityRNS reactive nitrogen speciesROS reactive oxygen speciesNER nucleotide excision repairSOD superoxide dismutaseOxyR transcription factor (hydrogen peroxide-inducible genes activator)HumansEpigeneticsOrganic ChemistryPETN pentaerithrityl tetranitrateGene regulationOxidative StressDNMT DNA methyltransferaseGene Expression Regulationlcsh:Biology (General)AREs AU-rich elementsHAT histone acetyltransferaseKeap1 kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1BiomarkersCOPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disorderDNA DamageRedox Biology
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The Friedreich's Ataxia protein frataxin modulates DNA base excision repair in prokaryotes and mammals

2010

DNA-repair mechanisms enable cells to maintain their genetic information by protecting it from mutations that may cause malignant growth. Recent evidence suggests that specific DNA-repair enzymes contain ISCs (iron–sulfur clusters). The nuclearencoded protein frataxin is essential for the mitochondrial biosynthesis of ISCs. Frataxin deficiency causes a neurodegenerative disorder named Friedreich's ataxia in humans. Various types of cancer occurring at young age are associated with this disease, and hence with frataxin deficiency. Mice carrying a hepatocyte-specific disruption of the frataxin gene develop multiple liver tumours for unresolved reasons. In the present study, we show that frata…

Iron-Sulfur ProteinsDNA Repairmedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryDNA Glycosylases8-oxoG 78-dihydro-8-oxoguanineMice0302 clinical medicineIron-Binding Proteinsoxidative stressBER base excision repairCells CulturedMammalsMice Knockout0303 health sciencesfrataxinDMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle's mediumbiologyLiver NeoplasmsSalmonella entericairon–sulfur clusterLife SciencesIron-binding proteinsTransfection3. Good healthLB Luria–BertaniOGG1 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1ISC iron–sulfur clusterFpg formamido-pyrimidine DNA glycosylaseHPRT hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferaseResearch ArticleDNA damageDNA repairSSB DNA single-strand breakTransfectionCell Line03 medical and health sciencesFRDA Friedreich's ataxiaROS reactive oxygen speciesmedicineAnimalsHumansMUTYH human mutY homologue (Escherichia coli)Molecular BiologyGene030304 developmental biologyFriedreich's ataxiaCell BiologyFibroblastsMolecular biologytumorigenesisProkaryotic CellsFriedreich AtaxiaDNA base excision repairDNA glycosylaseMutationHepatocytesFrataxinbiology.proteinInstitut für ErnährungswissenschaftCarcinogenesisMAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDNA Damage
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